• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a tactile warning or illumination system (30) comprising a cast concrete element (20), such as a tile, with a surface with a number of openings (21), and a number of tactile elements (100) complementary to the openings (21), which each is arranged to be able to be inserted into one of the openings (21) and to be fastened, such as by gluing, so that a part of the tactile element (100) rises above the surface (80) of the concrete element (20) and therefore can be marked with e.g. a blind cane or with the feet. The concrete element (20) comprises engaging means (22) formed in the surface of the concrete element (20) around the openings (21), and that the tactile elements (100) are made with engaging means (105) complementary to the engaging means of the concrete element (20).
    公开号:DK202170013A1
    申请号:DKP202170013
    申请日:2021-01-12
    公开日:2021-08-06
    发明作者:Dau Jørgen
    申请人:As Ikast Betonvarefabrik；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    DK 2021 70013 A1 1 A system and a method for manufacturing an element such as a tile Instructions for the blind can be built by laying marks and other markings in a tile pavement, an asphalt pavement or similar using small stones , rubber or similar coating material that differs in surface structure from the coating itself.
    This is also called a tactile coating.
    Using the tactile coating, blind or partially sighted people with e.g. a blind cane or feet "feel" the instructions given with the tactile coating and follow these.
    This also has safety aspects, as they are used to inform visually impaired people about e.g. directions to train platforms, platform edges, give warnings about crossings, or provide information about where there are pedestrian crossings.
    A tactile warning and / or information system is often characterized in that it comprises a three-dimensional system.
    It can also include colors and sound.
    The tactile systems, which include three-dimensional patterns, are usually located on walkways.
    The most common tactile coatings simply comprise a tile in which tactile elements are embedded to appear as elevations.
    But tactile elements are also seen on e.g. stair railings.
    As the tactile instructions deviate from the rest of the coating by showing changes in height, these are exposed to extra wear and therefore must sometimes be replaced.
    Furthermore, the tactile coating itself or parts thereof can also become loose or fall off the substrate completely.
    EP0425901 discloses a warning system with parallel and offset ribs.
    DK 2021 70013 A1 2 WO15143052 describes another system with which a surface with tactile properties in the form of e.g. Braille.
    In the prior art, it is a problem that the individual tactile elements are not sufficiently tight, become worn, and that the replacement of a single element is not a simple / simple task. Therefore, there is a constant risk that these tactile elements are simply not present, which can have fatal consequences for the people who are completely dependent on them. Furthermore, the placement of the individual tactile elements today is done by establishing holes in the places (positions) where the individual tactile elements are to be placed. Today, this is done manually by drilling, and this means that human errors occur, and since even small inaccuracies can have major consequences for the people who depend on the markings, this is inappropriate. It is an object of the invention to provide a system and a method for manufacturing an element such as a tile, which method and system overcomes one or more of these disadvantages. This is achieved with a system as claimed in claim 1, and comprising a cast concrete element and a number of tactile elements.
    In one embodiment, the tactile element comprises a head with a lower surface / flange which abuts against the upper surface of the concrete element when the tactile element is inserted into an opening in the concrete element. By designing the tactile
    DK 2021 70013 A1 3 element with a flange, a larger contact surface is obtained between the element and the tactile element and thus also a better fastening.
    The concrete element comprises cams / elevations arranged around the openings. The lower surface / flange of the tactile element comprises complementary cavities / depressions for the cams so that the cams can be received in the cavities and thereby contribute to the correct positioning of the tactile element when it is inserted into an opening and the surface / flange abuts against the upper surface of the concrete element. Thus, for example, it can be achieved that the tactile element is supported in a correct position while a binder filled into the openings of the concrete element hardens for final retention of the tactile element in the opening in question.
    In one embodiment, the openings of the concrete element are designed as conical openings. In an embodiment of the invention, the tactile element comprises a conical tip complementary to the conical opening. A cone that engages with a complementary cone forms a very strong connection, and two cones that are to engage can even be made self-locking, as can be seen in e.g. machine tools.
    In other aspects, the invention relates to a method as claimed in claim 6.
    An present embodiment of the invention will be described in the following with reference to the figures, in which: fig. 1 is a perspective view of an insert member and mold member according to an embodiment of the invention;
    DK 2021 70013 A1 4 fig. 1B shows in perspective an insert part according to the invention; fig. 2 shows a tile according to an embodiment of the invention seen from above; fig. 2b shows a section of an embodiment of a tile according to the invention; fig. 3 schematically shows a sectional view of an embodiment of a tile according to the invention; fig. 3a shows a cast concrete element with an inserted tactile element, and
    FIG. 3b and 3c show an embodiment of the tactile element with a conical tip, seen from the side and in perspective.
    Figure 1 shows an insert part 1 according to an embodiment of the invention.
    Such an insert part 1 is normally used in connection with the casting of concrete tiles, but the methodology of using an insert part and molded parts, as described in this application, can of course also be adapted to other materials, and it can also be used to cast other elements. than tiles.
    The insert part 1 is normally used during the casting process to shape the upper surface of a tile, but it can also be used to shape other side surfaces of the tile.
    Normally, the insert part is used by simply inserting it into a mold (not shown in the figures) so that it forms a wall in the mold.
    DK 2021 70013 A1
    The mold element / insert part 1 shown in figure 1 is made modular.
    One module is formed by so-called pictoform model seams 4, which can be inserted and fastened in holes in the other module 2. The insert part comprises at least 2 mutually adapted modules / mold parts 4,2, which are adapted to the mold so that the insert part 1, the mold can be loaded such that the insert part 1 essentially forms a side surface in the mold.
    When the insert part is inserted into the mold in such a way, the molding compound - that is, the mass to be formed in the mold - will take shape after the insert part.
    By designing the insert part modularly, ie of different parts, one can vary the design of the side surface by simply replacing a module in front of the entire insert part and thereby also changing the result (shape) of the casting.
    In the embodiment shown, the insert part is built up of several parts.
    One mold part is formed with an upper surface 2, in which a number of openings 3 are made.
    In these openings a second mold part 4 is arranged and together these parts form the insert part.
    In the embodiment shown, two holes are shown in the first mold part, in which no second mold part is inserted.
    This is for illustrative reasons, as one will usually fill all openings with a different mold part.
    This second mold part may well be designed as a kind of plug which simply closes the opening 3. The insert part 1 is for insertion into a mold so that the upper surface 2 forms a side of the mold with the shaping elements 4, 5, 6, 8. facing into the mold.
    DK 2021 70013 A1 6 Figure 1 B shows in greater detail a molded part 4 according to an embodiment of the invention. This embodiment of the mold part is a so-called pictoform model seam, and the lower round part 7 of the mold part, which is shown enlarged in Figure 1B, is mutually adapted to the openings 3 in the second mold part 2 so that it can be inserted into an opening and thereby fills and is loosely retained therein as shown in Figure 1.
    The mold part 4 shown in Figure 1B is formed with an upper mold surface / flange 8, and the two mold parts are adapted to each other so that the flange / mold surface on one mold part 4 substantially aligns with the upper surface 2 on the other mold part 1, when the mold part 4 is inserted into an opening 3 in the second mold part 1, as shown in figure 1. The mold parts can be manufactured with at least a part 5, which runs substantially perpendicularly from the side surface, when the insert part is inserted into the mold . This tip will form an opening in the tile when it is cast, and in this opening tactile elements (pictoform nails) comprising a complementary tip must be placed. In the known systems for attaching tactile elements to tiles, a method is usually used in which the tile is cast and then provided with openings so that the tactile elements can be inserted and fixed therein. The openings themselves are usually made using a drill with a drill. This method offers several possibilities for errors, as the worker has to make measurements on the individual tiles and then drill. Unlike the known nail systems, the invention provides a simple method of manufacturing a
    DK 2021 70013 A1 7 tile, where the holes are placed correctly already at the casting of the tile, and thereby also eliminated the possibility of human error during surveying and drilling of the individual holes in the individual tiles.
    Figure 2 shows a tile 20 according to an embodiment of the invention. The tile is provided with a number of identical holes 21, which are arranged systematically and precisely so that they produce a message for the visually impaired. This message is made more prominent by means of an additional element which is inserted into the openings 21. This additional element usually consists of a stitch-like element, a so-called pictoform stitch (not shown). It can also consist of a so-called guide line, which is an elongated element. The seam-like element is normally provided with a round head so that it forms a round bulge on the surface of the tile when placed therein. As can be seen in Figure 2 and especially in Figure 2b, in this embodiment - elevations 22 are formed around each hole. The location and size of the elevations are mutually adapted to the tactile element to be fastened in the openings. The tactile element is in the prior art usually designed as a nail with a round head with a flat underside and in the prior art these are fixed in tiles by inserting them into holes in the tiles until the flat underside of the heads abuts against the top of the tile. . The embodiment of the tile according to the invention shown in Figure 2 is mutually adapted tactile elements such as nails with a head with a flat underside which abuts against the upper side of the tile when the nail is inserted into a suitable opening in the tile. According to the invention, these nails are adapted in that the flat underside of the head is provided with openings which can receive the elevations 22.
    DK 2021 70013 A1 8 Normally these openings are adapted to the elevations 22 so precisely that movement (especially rotation) of the tactile element is prevented when it is placed in the opening with the underside in contact with both the elevations 22 and the upper side of the tile. Of course, the above method can also be performed (conversely) so that the tile is provided with openings around the holes, while the seams are provided with elevations.
    As best seen in Figure 3, the invention also offers the possibility of - in an easy way - designing the openings 11 in the tile 20 as (slightly) conical openings. Conical openings are difficult to achieve with conventional drilling. By designing the openings conical, a somewhat larger contact surface can be obtained between the corresponding conical tactile elements (nails) and this provides a better fastening. The fastening of the tactile element in the tile can in all embodiments of the invention be supplemented with e.g. glue. Usually this is done by applying glue to the hole in the tile, which can be conical. In a further embodiment, the nail is designed so as to comprise depressions arranged symmetrically around the conical part. In a further embodiment, the nail is designed so as to comprise 3 recesses arranged symmetrically around the conical part. The tile in this system comprises the corresponding 3 elevations. In FIG. 3a is a cross-sectional view of a concrete member 20 molded by the method described and with the tip 104 of a tactile member 100 inserted into an opening 21; elevations 22 which are integrally cast with the rest of the concrete element 20 by the method described, i.e. which is formed in the surface 80 of the concrete element 20, surrounds the opening 21. An embodiment of
    DK 2021 70013 A1 9 the tactile element 100 is shown in fig. 3b and 3c, the tactile element 100 being made with engaging means complementary to the elevations 22 of the concrete element 20 illustrated as recesses 105.
    Although the tactile element 100 is described as preferably a nail with a round head 101, the part 101 of the tactile element 100 which rises above the surface 80 of the concrete element 20 can of course be formed with other shapes; the head 101 can e.g. be square or triangular, just as the tip 104 need not be conical as shown in FIG. 3b, but be formed with a constant cross-section as shown in fig. 3a, the tip 104 having to be at least designed so that it can be inserted into an associated opening 21, preferably with space for glue between the tip 104 and the surrounding surface of the opening 21, as shown in fig. 3a. The casting compound used to cast a tile is normally concrete.
    权利要求:
    Claims (8)
    [1]
    A tactile warning or illumination system (30) comprising: - a cast concrete element (20), such as a tile, with a surface having a number of openings (21), and - a number complementary to the openings (21) tactile elements (100), each of which is adapted to be inserted into one of the openings (21) and to be fastened, such as by gluing, so that a part (101) of the tactile element (100) ) rises above the surface (80) of the concrete element (20) and can therefore be marked with e.g. a blind stick or with the feet, characterized in that the concrete element (20) comprises engaging means (22) formed in the surface of the concrete element (20) around the openings (21), and that the tactile elements (100) are made with to the engaging means (22) of the concrete element (20) complementary engaging means (105).
    [2]
    A system according to claim 1, characterized in that the tactile elements (100) comprise a head (101) with a lower surface / flange (102) abutting the surface (80) of the concrete element (20) when the tactile elements (100) are inserted into respective openings (21) in the concrete element (20).
    [3]
    A system according to claim 2, characterized in that the engaging means of the concrete element (20) comprise elevations (22) arranged around the openings (21) and that the engaging means of the tactile elements (100) are on the lower surface / flange (102). complementary recesses (105) arranged, whereby the elevations (22) can be accommodated in the recesses (105) when the tactile element (100) is inserted into a respective opening (21) and the surface / flange (102) abuts against the surface (80) of the concrete element (20).
    DK 2021 70013 A1 11
    [4]
    A system according to claim 2, characterized in that the engaging means of the concrete element (20) comprise depressions arranged around the openings (21), and that the engaging means of the tactile elements (100) are arranged on the lower surface / flange complementary projections, whereby the projections can be accommodated in the recesses when the tactile element is inserted in an opening and the surface / flange abuts against the upper surface of the concrete element (20).
    [5]
    A system according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that the openings (21) of the concrete element (20) are conical and that the tactile elements (100) each comprise a conical complementary to the conical openings (21). tip (104).
    [6]
    A method of manufacturing a tactile warning or illumination system (30) according to any one of the preceding claims, the method comprising the steps of: - providing a mold for molding a concrete element (20); - providing an insert part (1) by assembling two mutually adapted mold parts (4, 2) adapted to the mold so that the insert part (1) can be loaded into the mold; - wherein one mold part (2) has at least one opening (3), - wherein the other mold part (4) has a first part (7) complementary to the opening (3), which can be fixed in the opening (3), and having a flange (8) with recesses / elevations (6), and another part (5) extending from the flange (8), the recesses / elevations (6) being arranged around the second part (5); inserting the insert part (1) into the mold so that it forms a side surface of the mold and at least the
    DK 2021 70013 A1 12 second part (5) runs substantially perpendicularly from this side surface and into the mold; filling molding compound into the mold for molding the concrete element (20); - removing the second mold part (4) from the cast concrete element (20) to form openings (21) in the surface, and - inserting and fixing the tactile elements (100) in the openings (21) in the cast concrete element ( 20) so that the engaging means (105) of the tactile elements (100) are in engagement with the engaging means (22) of the concrete element (20).
    [7]
    Method according to claim 6, characterized in that the depressions / elevations (6) are arranged symmetrically around the second part (5).
    [8]
    Method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the flange (8) comprises three depressions or three elevations (6).
    A method according to any one of claims 6-8, characterized in that the insert part (4,2) is loaded into the mold so that the insert part substantially forms the upper side surface of the mold.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    DK180584B1|2021-09-22|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    法律状态:
    2021-08-06| PAT| Application published|Effective date: 20210723 |
    2021-09-22| PME| Patent granted|Effective date: 20210922 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DKPA202070045|2020-01-22|
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